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Explained

6 Simple AC Bridge Circuits Explained

Last Updated on May 20, 2026 by Swagatam Leave a Comment

Fig compressed

An AC bridge is a circuit which can be used for measuring parameters like capacitance, resistance, Inductance using differential method, by comparing them with known values of similar components, positioned diagonally across a bridge circuit, and through an analogue meter placed at the center of the bridge. Before we begin talking about the AC bridge […]

Filed Under: Electronics Theory Tagged With: AC, Bridge, Circuits, Explained, Simple

4 Efficient PWM Amplifier Circuits Explained

Last Updated on May 15, 2026 by Swagatam 1 Comment

digital op amp

Audio amplifiers which are designed to amplify an analogue audio signal through pulse width modulation or PWM processing and with adjustable duty cycle is known by many names including digital amplifier, Class-D amplifier, switched amplifier and PWM amplifier. (Article Contributed by: Ritu khanna) Because it can perform at high efficiencies, a Class-D amplifier has become […]

Filed Under: Audio and Amplifier Projects Tagged With: Amplifier, Circuits, Efficient, Explained, PWM

Basic Electronic Circuits Explained

Last Updated on June 23, 2026 by Swagatam 40 Comments

circuit symbols

The article below comprehensively discusses all the basic facts, theories and information regarding the working and use of common electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, transistors, MOSFETs, UJTs, triacs, SCRs. The various small basic electronic circuits explained here can be effectively applied as building blocks or modules for creating multistage circuits, by integrating the designs […]

Filed Under: Mini Projects Tagged With: Basic, Circuits, Electronic, Explained

Simple Low Dropout Regulator Circuits Explained

Last Updated on May 3, 2026 by Swagatam 70 Comments

5V LDO

The transistorized low dropout voltage regulator circuit ideas explained in the following article can be used for getting stabilized output voltages right from 3 V and above, such as 5 V, 8 V, 9 V, 12 V, etc with an extremely low dropout of 0.1 V. For example, if you make the proposed 5 V […]

Filed Under: Power Supply Circuits Tagged With: Circuits, Dropout, Explained, Regulator, Simple

10 Useful Function Generator Circuit Diagrams Explained

Last Updated on June 8, 2026 by Swagatam 27 Comments

function generator circuit

In this post I have explained how to build 10 simple yet useful function generator circuits using IC 4049, IC 8038, IC 741, IC 7400, transistors, UJTs etc. for generating accurate square waves, triangle waves, and sinewaves through easy switch operations. 1) Using IC 4049 Using only one low-cost CMOS IC 4049 and a handful […]

Filed Under: Meters and Testers Tagged With: Diagrams, Explained, function, Generator, Useful

10 Simple Unijunction Transistor (UJT) Circuit Diagrams Explained

Last Updated on September 22, 2026 by Swagatam 21 Comments

UJT Pulse Generator

In the earlier post I have explained comprehensively about how a unijunction transistor works, in this post I will elucidate a few interesting application circuits using this amazing device called UJT. The example application circuits using UJT which are explained in the article are: 1) Square Wave Pulse Generator The first design below demonstrates a […]

Filed Under: Oscillator Circuits Tagged With: Diagrams, Explained, Simple, Transistor, UJT, Unijunction

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