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Explained

SMPS Spot Welding Circuit using IC SG3525 Explained

Last Updated on June 4, 2026 by Swagatam 2 Comments

Spot welding needs very low voltage but very high current, that too for very short time, so now this whole thing is built around that idea. In this design we push big current in small time period for safely creating the required welding joint, done. Audio/Video Representation How the Circuit Works Now the circuit, it […]

Filed Under: SMPS and Converters Tagged With: Explained, SG3525, SMPS, Spot, Welding

10 Simple LED Chaser Circuit Diagrams Explained [Knight Rider, Scanner, Reverse-Forward, Cascaded]

Last Updated on June 1, 2026 by Swagatam 178 Comments

knight rider 2

In this article I have explained the construction of 10 interesting yet simple LED chaser circuits, which not only create beautiful running light effect but are also easy to build. We also discuss how to modify these into a design popularly known as “knight rider” chaser circuit. These primarily incorporate LEDs as well as mains […]

Filed Under: Lamps and Lights Tagged With: Chaser, Diagrams, Explained, Knight, LED, Simple

4 Automatic Staircase Lamp Controller Circuits Explained

Last Updated on June 1, 2026 by Swagatam 11 Comments

In this post I have explained 4 innovative automatic staircase lamp controller circuits which will automatically switch ON and OFF the staircase lamps in response to an external trigger. We will discuss 4 concepts here, which are as follows: 1) Automatic Staircase Lamp Circuit using PIR The first automatic staircase light circuit describes a simple […]

Filed Under: Lamps and Lights Tagged With: Automatic, Circuits, Controller, Explained, Lamp, Staircase

2 Best Current Limiter Circuits Explained

Last Updated on June 1, 2026 by Swagatam 335 Comments

precisioncurrentlimiter

In this post I have explained 2 simple universal current controller circuits which can be used for safely operating any desired high watt LED. The universal high watt LED current limiter circuit explained here can be integrated with any crude DC supply source for getting an outstanding over current protection for the connected high watt […]

Filed Under: Lamps and Lights Tagged With: Best, Circuits, Current, Explained, Limiter

Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Explained

Last Updated on June 1, 2026 by Swagatam Leave a Comment

LED structures

The full form of LED is Light Emitting Diode. LEDs are special type of semiconductor diodes which emit light in response to a potential difference applied across their terminals, hence the name light emitting diode. Just like a normal diode LEDs also have two terminals with polarity, namely anode and cathode. To illuminate an LED […]

Filed Under: Electronics Theory, Lamps and Lights Tagged With: Diodes, Emitting, Explained, LED, Light

High Efficiency Li-Ion LED Driver Circuits Explained

Last Updated on June 1, 2026 by Swagatam Leave a Comment

LT1932 Block Diagram

In this post I have explained a high efficiency 1.5 V to 4.2 V LED driver circuits which can be used with a standard Li-Ion battery for enhanced illumination, extended battery backup and long battery life. Main Features Using IC LT1932 The IC LT1932 is a fixed frequency step-up DC/DC converter intended to function as […]

Filed Under: Lamps and Lights Tagged With: Circuits, Driver, Efficiency, Explained, High, LED

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