IGBT stands for Insulated-gate-Bipolar-Transistor, a power semiconductor which includes the features of a MOSFET’s high speed, voltage dependent gate switching, and the minimal ON resistance (low saturation voltage) properties of a BJT. Figure 1 exhibits IGBT equivalent circuit, where a bipolar transistor works with a MOS gate architect, while the similar IGBT circuit is actually […]
Newly Updated Circuit Projects:
How to Make Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell or Solar Cell from Fruit Tea
The innovation of dye-sensitized solar cells has expanded the device’s potential up to the point where it might completely oust costly silicon solar cells. In the following post I have explained how you can easily construct this versatile dye-sensitized solar cell using very ordinary materials. This experiment relies on the concept of utilizing the organic […]
LiFePO4 Battery Charging/Discharging Specifications, Advantages Explained
While Li-Ion and Lithium polymer electrolyte (LiPo) batteries possess unmatched energy density, Lithium-based batteries are costly to produce and need meticulous handling along with a cautious charging. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the manufacturing process of the cathode electrode for these batteries has seen a substantial improvement. The break through nanotechnology-based high-load LiFePO4 cells are […]
Ceiling LED Lamp Driver Circuit
Nowadays the CFL and fluorescent lamps are almost completely replaced with LED lamps, which are mostly in the form of circular or square shaped flat ceiling mounted LED lamps. These lamps beautifully merge with the flat ceiling surface of our homes, offices or shops providing an aesthetic look for the lights, along with a high […]
Motion Detector Circuit using Doppler Effect
The motion sensor circuit explained in the article works by using doppler shift principle, in which the moving target is detected through the continuously varying frequency, reflected from the moving object. What is Doppler Effect One very fascinating feature of sound is the Doppler effect. The Doppler effect happens when the source that is producing […]
4 Efficient PWM Amplifier Circuits Explained
Audio amplifiers which are designed to amplify an analogue audio signal through pulse width modulation or PWM processing and with adjustable duty cycle is known by many names including digital amplifier, Class-D amplifier, switched amplifier and PWM amplifier. (Article Contributed by: Ritu khanna) Because it can perform at high efficiencies, a Class-D amplifier has become […]