In electronics, rectification is a process in which a rectifier diode converts an alternating full cycle AC input signal into a half cycle DC output signal. A single diode produces half wave rectification, and a network of 4 diodes produces a full wave rectification In this post we will analyze both half wave and full […]
Newly Updated Circuit Projects:
Bidirectional Switch
In this post I have explained about MOSFET bidirectional power switches, which can be used for operating a load across two points bidirectionally. This is simply done by connecting two N-channel, or P-channel MOSFETs back to back in series with the specified voltage line. What is a Bidirectional Switch A bidirectional power switch (BPS) is […]
Comparator Circuits using IC 741, IC 311, IC 339
The basic function of a comparator circuit to compare two voltage levels at its input pins and produce an output to show which input voltage has higher potential than the other. In this article we will elaborately learn how to correctly design comparator circuits using popular ICs like IC 741, IC 311 and IC LM339 […]
How Transformers Work
According to the definition given in Wikipedia an electrical transformer is a stationary equipment that exchanges electrical power across a couple of closely wound coils, through magnetic induction. A constantly altering current in one winding of the transformer generates a varying magnetic flux, which, consequently, induces a varying electromotive force over a second coil built […]
Ultrasonic Fuel Level Indicator Circuit
An electronic device or circuit which detects and indicates the various fuel levels in a fuel tank without a physical contact, through ultrasonic waves, is called an ultrasonic fuel level sensor In this post I have explained how to build a simple fuel tank level indicator circuit using Arduino and ultrasonic sensors. In every vehicle […]
Digital-to-Analog (DAC), Analog-to-Digital (ADC) Converter Circuits Explained
A digital-to-analog converter (DAC, D/A, D2A, or D-to-A) is a circuit designed to convert a digital input signal into an analog output signal. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) works in the opposite way and transforms an analog input signal into a digital output. In this article I will comprehensively discuss how digital to analog, and analog to digital converter circuits work, using diagrams and formulas. In […]