The LM10 is a pioneering operational amplifier designed to operate from single ended power inputs with voltages as low as 1.1V, and up to as high as 40V. As can be witnessed in Figure 1, the device consists of an op amp, a precision 200 mV band-gap voltage reference, and a reference amplifier, all encased […]
Circuits
Basic Op Amp Circuits and Projects
In the following article I have explained op amp basic application circuits and projects, with equations, for solving their specific component values. Op-amps (operational amplifiers) are a specialized type of integrated circuit that include a directly-coupled, high-gain amplifier with an overall response characteristics adjusted by a feedback. The op-amp derives its name from the fact […]
12 Simple IC 4093 Circuits and Projects Explained
The 4093 is a 14-pin package containing four positive-logic, 2-input NAND Schmitt trigger gates as shown in the following figure. It is possible to operate the four NAND gates separately or collectively. The individual logic gates of the IC 4093 works in the following manner. As you can see each gate has two inputs (A […]
Basic Electronic Circuits Explained
The article below comprehensively discusses all the basic facts, theories and information regarding the working and use of common electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, transistors, MOSFETs, UJTs, triacs, SCRs. The various small basic electronic circuits explained here can be effectively applied as building blocks or modules for creating multistage circuits, by integrating the designs […]
Best IC 555 Circuits and Projects
The IC 555 timer is a popular and adaptable integrated circuit that has established itself as a standard in the electronics industry. It is a well-liked option for DIY and educational projects thanks to its straightforward design, inexpensive price, and simplicity of accessibility. The IC 555 timer, which can produce a variety of waveforms including […]
Comparator Circuits using IC 741, IC 311, IC 339
The basic function of a comparator circuit to compare two voltage levels at its input pins and produce an output to show which input voltage has higher potential than the other. In this article we will elaborately learn how to correctly design comparator circuits using popular ICs like IC 741, IC 311 and IC LM339 […]