Gunn diodes are semiconductor devices which are used to generate low-power microwave signals in a simple and low-cost manner. These have been in use for more than 60 years now. Gunn diodes can work with frequencies ranging from a few gigahertz to over 100 GHz. It was first discovered by J. B. Gunn of IBM […]
Electronics Theory
Communication Protocols in Microcontrollers Explained
In this post I am going to explain various communication protocols that are used by microcontrollers, microprocessors and ICs for communicating with various sensors, electronic drivers, input and output devices. We will see: Why do communication protocols exist in electronics? UART protocol. I2C or IIC or “I squared C” protocol. SPI or Serial Peripheral Interface […]
Clipper and Clamper Circuits Explained
In this post I am going to explain clipper and clamper circuits. The clipper and clamper are called wave shaping circuits because they convert the incoming signal wave to another kind of useful wave. They are used widely in power supplies, filter circuits, RF transmitters / receivers, voltage suppressors, audio amplifiers and the list goes […]
What are the Different Types of Transformers? Explained
In this post I am going to explain different types of electrical transformers that are used in a wide variety of applications. Transformers can be classified in many different ways, for example: based on their input / output character, voltage, frequency, application, power handling capacity etc. In this post we will be exploring all the […]
Solving Darlington Transistor Formulas and Calculations
Now in this post you will learn about this amazing BJT device which is called Darlington Transistor. It got this name after genius engineer Sidney Darlington who first gave this idea, so we remember him. What Is Inside Darlington Transistor Basically this device is like special combo of two normal NPN or PNP bipolar junction […]
FET Current Source: Explained with Formulas
An FET Current Source is one special type of active circuit that is using a Field Effect Transistor for giving a steady and constant current into a circuit. We are doing this because sometimes we want that current should not change, it should remain fixed and stable. Why We Need Constant Current Now you may […]