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Home » Sensors and Detectors » Vehicle Speed Limit Alarm Circuit

Vehicle Speed Limit Alarm Circuit

Last Updated on June 20, 2019 by Swagatam 18 Comments

electricity is dangerous warning message

In our previous articles we have learned comprehensively regarding the ICs LM2907/LM2917 which are fundamentally frequency to voltage converter ICs, and are ideally applicable in all such relevant fields. Here we see how the same chip can be applied for making a vehicle speed limit alarm circuit.

Using a Single IC for Speed Detection

As per the explained example the IC could be used for making a simple speed limit switch circuit which in turn could be applied in vehicles for detecting over-speeds and consecutively alarming or preventing the vehicle from crossing the set dangerous mark.

As shown in the below diagram a single LM2917 is enough for designing the proposed speed limiter circuit along with a few external passive parts.

Referring to the diagram, the input pin#1 receives the signal from the wheels of the vehicle through a magnet and pickup coil arrangement or through a Hall effect sensor circuit.

Circuit Operation

You may refer to this article for knowing the basic set up of the wheel and pickup coil in the given diagram.

The function is pretty much identical to the previously explained speedometer circuit functioning:

The applied speed info in the form of pulses corresponding to the rotating wheel count is sensed by the differential opamp whose inverting input is referenced to ground for maximum sensitivity.

The output from this opamp is fed to the next sage which is the charge pump stage responsible for tracking/holding/boosting the info in the form of a steady DC.

This function relies particularly on the value of C a pin#2 of the IC.

The above info is yet again amplified and compared by the subsequent opamp and common collector transistor stage.

The output is terminated at pin#4 of the IC via the emitter of the internal common collector transistor.

Formula for Setting the Speed Limit

As per the formula, the speed limit alarm can be set and calculated by using the formula:

f(in) = R2/R1+R2 x 1/RC

Once the set limit is reached, the IC detects it and produces a high logic at pin#4 which is equal to the supply voltage of the circuit.

This high logic may be used for sounding an alarm, deactivating the engine or for triggering other similar preventive measures.

Circuit Diagram

A typical implementation of the above circuit can be witnessed in the following diagram.

Here the load or the speed alarm unit is connected at the transistor collector pin#5 output instead of pin#4 as narrated in the above section.

The collector load configuration provides the advantage of better current gain allowing a higher wattage device such as a relay or an alarm to be directly used with the circuit.

Application Circuit

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About Swagatam

I am an electronic engineer (dipIETE ), hobbyist, inventor, schematic/PCB designer, manufacturer. I am also the founder of the website: https://www.homemade-circuits.com/, where I love sharing my innovative circuit ideas and tutorials.
If you have any circuit related query, you may interact through comments, I'll be most happy to help!

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  1. gurpreet singh says

    Dear Sir,
    I want to make a laser security system, Which circuit must be used to activate the alarm, the switching circuit must be like once the laser beam is displaced from the photo cell the alarm must be activated until i want to stop it. And it must be more helpful if i can receive a signal in cellphone or any radio device instead of using a buzzer.Sir the system must be a long life circuit not an ordinary one. Sir can i use ir laser if can can you link me an online purchasing link. Thanks…

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      Dear Gurpreet,

      Getting a cell phone alarm could be very costly, you will have to install a GSM module for that which could cost around Rs.2000/- to Rs.3000/- however a short distance FM wireless transmission could be possible cheaply…

      I'll try to figure it out and possibly post it soon.

      Reply
  2. gurpreet singh says

    Sir, please Suggest me The switching circuit as mention above. Thanks for your fast response

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      gurpreet, please refer to the set/reset latch circuit under this post:

      https://www.homemade-circuits.com/2011/12/how-to-build-simple-transistor-circuits.html

      Reply
  3. gurpreet singh says

    Sir, plz tell me the circuit which can be activated once the button is pressed but de-activation must me done by other switch

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      gurpreet, please refer to the set/reset latch circuit under this post:

      https://www.homemade-circuits.com/2011/12/how-to-build-simple-transistor-circuits.html

      Reply
  4. Zerif Zaki says

    Sir….I wan to make a circuit with a speed limit detector that senses anything that is speeding and convert that enerygy to electrical energy and straightly to a buzer. Need your reply quickly.

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      I think you are referring to a speed gun circuit, sorry at the moment I do not have this circuit

      Reply
  5. Unknown says

    Vehicle Speed Limit Alarm Circuit
    Hi
    Can you confirm the following RC for 71Hz R=180Kohms and C=39nF. Can you also tell me what type of capacitor the 39nF and the 10microF need to be.
    Many thanks Paul

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      Hi, sorry it will difficult for me to confirm the result due to lack of time….the capacitor can be any metallized polyester type for better reliability.

      Reply
      • Paul Zeeders says

        Thank you for this information. I am using a reed switch for my input so have pulsing dc as an input. Can I use this circuit or do I need to look for a different input circuit to suit this chip.

        Many thanks Paul

        Reply
        • Swagatam says

          Hi, thanks,
          What exactly do you want to check? is it the frequency of the pulse?

          If the frequency is too low then may be the above circuit wouldn't work correctly.

          Reply
  6. Darshan Gowda says

    Dear Sir,
    Is this circuit will also run for Bus or not.
    Because I’m going to Indicate Over speed of bus.
    Can you suggest me Please……..

    Reply
    • Swag says

      Hi Darshan, the circuit can be installed with any vehicle, however the wheel of the vehicle will need to be configured with a magnet, and an aligned hall effect sensor hooked up with the circuit input. Once this is done, the speed detection and cut off can be easily implemented

      Reply
  7. manu gaur says

    Sir, i am making a project regarding the same topic. Would you please explain what is the difference between this circuit and another Car Speed Limit Warning Indicator Circuit
    you made using IC 555.
    i am referring to this : https://www.homemade-circuits.com/make-this-car-over-speed-limit-warning/

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      Manu, both the designs will do the job the for you appropriately, however the IC 555 being easily available appears to be a friendlier option

      Reply
  8. rajesh says

    hi we work on project on vehicle speed alarm ..when vehicle move above 40 ..siren will be on ..in particular area after put one switch then after circuit not work ..so suggest above and what is cost of this single project .

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      Hi, you can implement the concept explained above. Replace the load with any DC buzzer, and calculate the RC elements with the help of the formula to fix them at a frequency proportionate to 40 km/H

      Reply

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