The following multi-function water level controller circuit post is based on the suggestions expressed by Mr.Usman. Let's learn more about the requested modifications and the circuit details.
The Circuit Suggestion:
The concept of this circuit looks good. May I suggest a couple of other desirable features?
1) To protect the motor from potential overheating (or as a safety feature) can u add an automatic shutdown timer? If the motor is running for one hour (or 1.5hrs or 2-hrs) and the water level does NOT reach the level-sensor, the motor should be automatically stopped. Of course, it can be re-started manually by pushing the start button again.
2) Can the motor be manually stopped at any time? For example, what if one wants to water the lawn (or wash the car) for a few minutes using high pressure water directly from the motor?"
Thanks very much!
Your suggestions are interesting!
I think I have discussed these issues in the following artricle:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2012/03/dc-motor-protector-circuit-over-voltage.html
However instead of a timer I have used a temperature sensor circuit for tripping the motor if it starts getting hot.
The motor can be manually stopped by shorting the base of T3 to ground. This can be done by adding a push button across these terminals.
So the upper push button may be used for initiating the motor while the lower button may be used for stopping the motor manually.
Thanks Swagatam for a prompt reply. I've found another circuit on your blog (April 20th post) that is closer to what I have in mind.
https://homemade-circuits.com/2012/04/semi-automatic-water-level.html
I want a slightly different control logic in the above circuit:
Motor START Logic:
Manual push button (already implemented)
Motor STOP Logic:
1) Water level reaches a pre-determined level (as implemented in April 21st post), OR
2) A pre-determined time has lapsed (e.g. 30, 60 or 90 mins, this requires a long time-delay/counter), OR
3) Manual stop (manual override), OR
4) Power faliure (load shedding), this is implemented by default!
So I guess, the STOP logic (1, 2 and 3) can be configured to the base of T1 (in your April 20 post) and it should work. Pls comment, and if you have time maybe you can make a new post!
Thanks
Usman
The Design:
Let's analyze the above requirements and check how they have been implemented in the following diagram:
1) Water level reaches a pre-determined level: Point A and B may be appropriately fixed inside the tank for regulating this function.
Since point B is situated at the bottom of the tank, remains connected with the water permanently, now as the level rises and comes in contact with point A, the positive potential from point A connects with point B, which instantly reset pin#12 of the IC, switching OFF the relay and the entire system.
2) A predetermined time has lapsed: This feature is already present in the below given circuit. The timing outputs can be increased to any desired extents simply by increasing the values of P1 and C1.
3) Manual stop (manual override): This feature is actuated by SW2, pressing which resets the IC pin#12 and the entire circuit.
4) Power failure (load shedding): During a possible power failure or instantaneous power "blinks", the IC needs to be supplied with the required supply voltage so that the timing does not get interrupted. This is very simply done by adding a 9 volt battery to the circuit.
As long as normal power is present, the cathode of D3 stays high keeping the battery switched OFF from the circuit.
The moment power fails, the cathode of D3 becomes low, providing a way-in to the battery power which smoothly replaces the supply to the IC without causing any "hiccup" to the counting operation of the IC.
Parts list for the above explained multi-function water level controller circuit
All resistors are 1/4 watt 5%
R1, R3= 1M,
R2, R6 = 4K7
R4 = 120K
R5 = 22K
P1 = 1M preset horizontal
C1 = 0.47uF
C2 = 0.22uF disc ceramic
C3 = 1000uF/25VC4 = 100uF/25V
D1, D2, D3, D4 = 1N4007,
Relay = 12V/SPDT
SW1,SW2 = Bell push type of button
IC1 = 4060
T1, T2 = BC547
TR1 = 0-12V/500mA
BATT - 9V, PP3
Water level buzzer indicator circuit
The following circuit of a water high level and low level indicator circuit was requested by Mr.Amit. Please read the comments given below to know regarding the exact specs of the requested circuit.
Simulation and Working
The above shown water high and low level buzzer indicator circuit may be understood with the following points:
Point C which is connected to the ground or negative of the supply rail is kept immersed in the tank water at the bottom level such that the water present in the tank is always held a logic low.
Point B is the low level sensor point which must be positioned near the bottom of the tank, distance may be set as desired by the user.
Point A is the high level sensor, which should be held somewhere at the top of the tank as per user preference.
When the water level reaches under the point B, point B goes high due to R6, making the output of N4 high and consequently producing a low at the output of N5....the buzzer B2 starts buzzing.
However in the meantime C2 starts charging up and once it's fully charged inhibits the positive potential at the input of N5.....the buzzer is switched OFF. The time for which the buzzer remains On may be determined by the values of C2 and R5.
In an event the water reaches the top level of the tank, point A comes in contact with the low logic from the water, output of N1 becomes high and the same process is repeated as explained above. However this time B1 starts beeping, only until C1 gets fully charged.
Five gates from the IC 4049 have been utilized here, the remaining one unused gate input should be grounded for maintaining stability of the IC.
Parts List
R1,R6 = 3M3
R3,R4 = 10K
T1, T2 = 8550, or 187, or 2N2907 or similar
C1,R2 = to be selected for setting up buzzer on time
C2,R5 = to be selected for setting up buzzer on time.
N1---N5 = IC 4049
B1,B2 = Loud piezo buzzers
Sriram says
Hi, does the above circuit have automatic ON function if the water level goes below low level? If yes means how it will work?
Because I require a circuit with automatic ON, OFF facility with timer. Like if the water level goes below low level means the motor should run and after predertermined (45)mins time the motor should off. Within that 45mins the water level reaches the high level (at 30mins) also the motor should off.
Swag says
To implement the mentioned functions, you will have to modify the design in the following manner:
Remove SW1 and all it connections with the relay, and connect the transformer directly with mains.
take a Darlington NPN using two BC547, fix its base through a 1K resistor at the top water level position, where the cut off needs to be sensed, also make sure to use a 1uF capacitor across base of this transistor and the ground supply line.
after this connect the emitter of this transistor with base of T1 through a 1K resistor, and also connect its collector with the positive supply line.
Sriram says
Hi, i think the above circuit have manual ON and automatic OFF.
Could you please design me a circuit with automatic ON, automatic OFF and timer?
So when water goes below low level, the motor should get automatic ON and the motor should get OFF at 45mins or the water level reaches high(if tank is full within 45 mins).
Swag says
Hi, I have already explained it in the previous reply….
Sriram says
Yeah, you suggested me to make a darlington and place the sensor at the top level where motor need to off but that is already implemented in the above circuit. In the above circuit also a Darlington and the top sensor is there to turn off the motor. I want the motor to ON when water is reached low level. If am wrong about the circuit means could you please explain.
Swag says
yes it is already implemented, and it seems the automatic start can be difficult to implement in this design.
you will have to incorporate the following concept and attach a 4060 timer circuit externally which will switch OFF the relay after the predetermined time
https://homemade-circuits.com/how-to-make-simple-water-level/
for the timer you can use the first circuit from this article.
remove the transformer power supply and also the triac stage.
disconnect the R3 end from ground and connect it with the collector of the water level relay driver transistor.
and connect pin#3 with another BC547 stage with its emitter to ground base to pin#3 of 4060 and collector to the base of the water level relay driver transistor. make sure to keep the 1n4148 diode across pin#3 and pin#11
Swag says
here’s the link for the timer article
https://homemade-circuits.com/simple-triac-timer-circuit/
Jack Jhon says
Thank you sir . this helped a lot. But sir one more doubt here in this link-
1.bp.blogspot.com/-bGcwz6ySGw0/TwkZ1PwTEhI/AAAAAAAAAqQ/ZdaGCKNyBsk/s1600/Light+Switch.png
Is it connected to some sort of Controller as the marking shows some pin numbers or its an entire IC structure. And the one you told initially that darlington one which one you feel will be the best and most apt . 🙂
Swagatam says
Jack, the pin numbers given on the "gate" symbols are from the IC 4093, the transistor can be a 8050 or a 2N2222, its base resistor is 4.7K and the relay is a 12V relay.
P1 can be a 1M preset for adjusting the sensitivity of the circuit
Swagatam says
both are equally good, using a Darlington tramsistor makes the construction a bit simpler that's all…
Jack Jhon says
Sir one last thing please explain how these gates will work and provide desired output as m supposed to explain this asap. Thank you.
Swagatam says
when water is present across the input terminals of the first gate, the DC will pass through the water and make the input of the first gate high, which will in turn make its output low. This low will reach the inputs of all the connected parallel gates which will respond to this and make their output high. This high will trigger the transistor relay stage and switch ON the motor….
exactly reverse will happen as soon as water is removed from the sensor terminals, switching off the motor.
Jack Jhon says
Thanks a lot sir. 🙂
Anonymous says
sir by overload i mean if some trouble occurs like extra flow of water or current or any other issue occurs then will it be able to sustain in this case.
Swagatam says
you can feed the AC to the water controller relay and the motor through the following circuit for the overload protection:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2012/09/mains-ac-overload-protection-circuit.html
Anonymous says
Sir, this one will work only when water will come so the sensor used is a moisture sensor or what? And can any logic gate be used to show the main working of the ckt as am able to get this one but i just want to enquire abt the Logic gate part and let me knw one thing that u are using darlington only becoz of it's sensitivity ?
Swagatam says
when the water bridges the shown metal conductors across the pipe its resistance goes down which allows the transistor to conduct and operate the relay.
yes a Darlington transistor is used for greater sensitivity.
logic gates can also be used as shown here:
1.bp.blogspot.com/-bGcwz6ySGw0/TwkZ1PwTEhI/AAAAAAAAAqQ/ZdaGCKNyBsk/s1600/Light+Switch.png
remove the LDR R1, and use its terminals as the water sensor across the pipe.
Anonymous says
Hello sir ,
I need your help . Please provide me with the circuit diagram – when there is water in the pipe then only the motor gets ON and if no water is there then it trips itself. If possible provide it using logic gates , start , stop, overload relay.. Sir please help me out in this matter.
Please email me this – jackjhon023@gmail.com
Swagatam says
Hello Jack,
you can try the following circuit:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2014/10/municipal-water-supply-sensor-pump.html
it does not use CMOS ICs but would still work as efficiently.
Anonymous says
Thanx for the reply sir. But can you plz explain me more properly. As am not able to find any gate or something like start stop here. So plz can u explain so that i can able to get it easily.
-Jack
Anonymous says
As sir i want to use it with logic gates . So is it possible to make it and how to use start stop commands and overload relays in this case.
So sir plz help me out.
Swagatam says
hello jack, by start stop switch do you mean you want to include manual switches also for staring and stopping the motor by overriding the water sensor??
Because in the present set up the relay and the motor will get activated only while water is flowing out from the pipe, and stop immediately as soon as water stops pouring out from the mouth of the pipe
Swagatam says
please explain all the features in detail so that I can understand the exact functioning of the required circuit.
Vijay Sharma says
Ok thanks Swagatam, I'll try this and see if I can do something to avoid the IC from counting when the circuit is switched ON.
Swagatam says
OK, thanks!
Vijay Sharma says
Hi Swagatam, I am making this circuit with a slight change. I need to combine this with the wireless water level indicator. I have all that built up. My requirement is that the wireless indicator should be ON at all times to show the water level while I want all other functionality of this circuit – which is manual start and automatic stop based on either timer or tank full.
I can use 2 power supplies here – one to supply the indicator circuit and another to the controller circuit but I don't want to use 2 of them. Is there a way you can suggest. Another point to note is that the controller works at 5V while the rest of the circuit is on 12V. In fact I had converted this controller circuit to work at 5V but then couldn't get a 20A relay for 5V so I went back to 12V for this. Any help would be useful here. Thanks
Vijay
Swagatam says
Hi Vijay, you can do it in the following way:
Remove SW1 and short it's points with a link
break the link which was present between SW1 and the relay NO contact and the motor wire.
After this connect a diode across pin3 and pin11 of the IC, cathode to pin11.
bring SW1 to a new position that is parallel with C2.
That's it, it's done now you can use the DC output across C3 to power your wireless system but through a 7805 regulator stage.
Vijay Sharma says
HI Swagatam, Thanks for the suggestion. Although I mostly understand what changes you've suggested I am not able to see how would the circuit work. You've introduced a diode to latch the output once the timer is done with the counting which is okay as it would ensure that the relay is OFF once the timer time is reached. But how would the motor get started when I press SW1 which is not across C2? Wouldn't the timer circuit start counting itself when I supply power to it because PIN 12 is not high? Please explain this a bit. I have uploaded the modified diagram here : postimg.org/image/e3g9s011j/
Vijay Sharma says
Sorry, please use this link instead for the modified diagram : s4.postimg.org/gb0nrslbx/Modified_Water_Level_Controller.jpg
I have omitted the deriving 5V across C3 via 7805 for simplicity.
Swagatam says
Yes that' correct, to rectify this I think we can try connecting SW2 such that when pressed either it short circuits C1 or R2/P1, that is either across C1 or across R2/P1, on doing this pin3 could be expected to go high, instantly locking the IC counting.
and pls note that SW1 is only for resetting a start… first time when power is switched ON, the motor would start without SW1 press, but subsequently after the timing has elapsed sW1 may be pressed to reset and restart the motor.
Arun Dev says
thank you sir for the reply….. but your answer is not suitable for my need…. i want to design a led demonstration of the solar planet system…. so in each orbital path leds should be arranged in such a way that all the LEDs in that path shouldn't blink simultaneously, in other words one after another…. if we are gonna implement the current design in this blog for this project, it will lead to the use of 8 separate CD4017 ICs and their components…. that is why i had initially asked for a LED flasher which is to be implemented to a series connected LEDs
Swagatam says
Arun, yes you'll have to incorporate 8 separate 4017s for the different paths…you can't get the feature in one IC, or you'll have to resort to a microcontroller circuit for getting it one chip.
Prabhu Guna says
Hi Sawagatam,
can u make a circuit similar to the one in the link given below using 4060 with motor timing & water level controller(i.e.,)motor should run for 1 / 1.5 / 2 ,etc hours depending on the intervel set or till water reaches up probe in given link.
Circuit link : https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B8LpX4NzfdkIMm51eVdlWWUyOWM/edit?pli=1
here motor starts only when water level goes below low probe & motor stops when it reaches up probe.
Swagatam says
Hi Prabhu,
I already have a similar circuit in my blog, which is even more accurate since a CMOS IC is involved
https://homemade-circuits.com/2011/12/how-to-make-simple-water-level.html
Prabhu Guna says
this crkt working. here motor starts automatically if water level goes below point A itself(not point B (i.e.,)even if water is 1% below point A motor starts but water above point B).
i want a circuit which switches on motor only when it reaches below point B(lowest point)
Swagatam says
the first circuit will not start once it's switched OFF until SW1 is pressed, so something may not be correctly connected in your circuit.
for an automatic start and stop you can try the following design, it will provide both upper and lower limit protections:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2011/12/how-to-make-simple-water-level.html
prikshit says
I have used many type of brass/steel screws for the purpose of sensor,after sometime it will be rusty,now someone suggest put a floater switch as a sensor,can you suggest is it working on your ckt,in the floater switch there are three terminals,may i know the wiring.
Thanks
Prikshit
Chandigarh
Swagatam says
if you can provide me the 3 lead specification of the float switch then surely I can show you the integration method with my circuits.
I guess one lead may be assigned to the supply positive or negative, while the other two may be responsible for switching this negative or positive via reed relays in response to their specific water levels…..you may confirm this for further discussion.
Anonymous says
Hi Sawagatam,
How do you post a new request on your blog? This request needs a new thread.
Can you help me with this problem: In a basement sump, there are two submersible pumps with float switches (P1 and P2) installed to achieve some level of redundancy. In order to use both pumps equally, we want to alternate between P1 and P2 whenever a preset water level is reached. That is, the first time the preset level is reached P1 should start and pump the water out. Next time when the preset level is reached P2 should start and pump the water out. On next occasion it will be P1's turn and so forth. What we need is an "alternating" relay control running P1 and P2 turn by turn.
Swagatam says
Requests can be posted through comments only, exactly as you have done.
I have understood your requirement, I will try to update it soon in my blog and inform you.
Kajal says
Sir can i use a 12V 10 A relay for a half hp pump?????
I have found in some articles that the initial driving current goes to 6-7 times the running current for a motor. So eventhough mine is a HALF Hp one drawing nominal current of 380W/230V= 1.6 A, it may have 9.6 to 11.2 A of starting current.
Also i have noticed in my relay the specifications written which i am giving below
50/60 Hz
7A 250V ~ | 10A 125V AC
12A 125V — | 10A 28V DC
I am not at all familiar with electronics but i a m very interested to do simple projects like this. I couldn't understand the exact meaning of the specification written here. So please help in this issue?
May i have to change the relay or not?
Sorry for the bad english
Swagatam says
Hello Kajal,
Yes you will have to replace the existing relay with a 30amp relay or you may also try using a triac instead…..a BTA41/600 could be tried.
Sooryanarayanan says
Sir will the battery used in the first schematic be drained all the time by the ic and the incorporating circuitry????? Even the mains is present????
Swagatam says
As long as mains power is present battery will not drain, when mains fails the IC will consume 5mA, and the relay 40mA (when in ON position) from the battery
Raman says
Hi Swagatam,
You are having one of the best blogs which hits the nail right at the head. I am trying to make a water level indicator, but with data logging to an SD card to collect some data for research. I just wanted some advice on sensors. I would like to have some kind of sensors which won't corrode easily. Whats your experience with these stainless steel or brass probes or what other alternatives do you suggest. I was also thinking of using ultrasonic distance sensor, but again I am worried that it might also corrode due to humidity in the tank. What do you say ?
Regards
Raman
Swagatam says
Hi Raman,
Thank you very much!
This question has been asked by many readers here, and as per my thinking I have suggested them to use use brass terminals tinned thoroughly with solder wire. According to me tin will remain unaffected from corrosion, but I am not sure about algae or other such formation on its surface which probably has no remedy.
Using frequency with the sensors is one option but since the receiving sensors are passive we cannot introduce frequency in them,so this option doesn't hold good either.
Raman says
Thanks for your reply.
I think there is a strong possibility of lead poisoning if solder comes in contact with drinking water. Already there are thousand other things which could kill us and I don't think we should add one more 🙂
I think some kind of contactless sensor should be a safe bet. I read somewhere people using sensors from automatic washing machines which could measure water pressure. But these sensors will surely be difficult to find. I'll keep scratching my head for more ideas.
Regards
Raman
Swagatam says
Lead atoms would be tightly bonded inside the solder metal so there's little chance of it getting dissolved, and even if it does it will be in negligible quantity. But anyway safety is always first so it's better to avoid it and find some other similar yet safe alternative.
Regards.
SUHAIL M says
i make a water level monitor using a remote controlled toy car circuit.
It can can monitor water levels and alarm when tank is full.But i can't to controll the motor
Pls help me?
Swagatam says
show me the full details, i'll check it.
Unknown says
1. multifunctional circuit is worked or not.
2. can i operate 2hp submersible on this circuit.
3. this circuit start/stop motor automatically.
4. p1=port or something else..
Swagatam says
This circuit is not fully automatic, use the following circuit which suits your application:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2011/12/how-to-make-simple-water-level.html
avijeet agrawal says
Hello sir,
Thanks for your great circuits.
I had made the above one and it is working fine.the timer section and the overflow sensing section is working perfectly allright. the only problem is with manual stop switch accross .22uf which is not giving any response.i had used two .1uf/400v ppc type cap.in parallel.
Help me to get out of this problem
Thanks
Swagatam says
Hello Avijeet,
yes the position of the switch is incorrect.
connect the switch across the base of T2 and ground, this will instantly stop the motor.
Thanks
avijeet agrawal says
Thanks sir,
I had made the corrections and now it is working fine.
#Sir want to ask u that i had to drive the circuit only for 10 to 20 min so 1m preset is giving huge fluctuations to set it for such a small time period.could i reduce the value of 1m preset without changing capcitor value.
#how could i use 6-0-6 value trfo to get 0-12v for above circuit.
Thanks
Swagatam says
Hi Avijeet,
You can any value above 10k for the 1M position and get any desired timing output.
Alternatively you can also experiment with the capacitor for the same.
Use the outer taps of the trafo and connect them with the bridge or whatever rectifier stage you are using, leave the center tap alone, it won't be required.
avijeet agrawal says
Thanks for ur kind reply sir
Vi jilan says
Thanks once again Sir.
Kindly i will be back after my exams sir
Thank You for your help and your excellent blog Sir.
Swagatam says
you are welcome Vi Jilan.
Vi jilan says
Thanks for your instant reply sir,
You are wonderful in giving some awesome circuits for us. i am coming to my needed circuit design.
I had done many of your circuits sir.
I saw a circuit in your bright hub page sir that is my exact requirement with some additional functions i am asking a circuit sir.
* I am getting tap water and storing in the underground tank now i am manually switching the motor to fill those water in the overhead tank so I thought that a automation work could do this instead of man
circuit requirement:
1. when water rises a certain level in the underground tank the motor should be switched ON and when the water attained a low position in the underground tank the motor should be switched OFF.
2. During this process if the overheadtank overflows then the total system should be switched OFF automatically using an relay.
Sir you have done these circuits seperately I think. I need a conjunction of those circuits sir.
Sorry for my bad English I think it will disturb you lot.
Thanks in advance sir.
Swagatam says
Thanks V1,
you will have to make the following circuit first:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2011/12/how-to-make-simple-water-level.html
then add another transistor stage to it in the following manner:
use a BC547 transistor.
connect its collector to the base of the relay driver transistor.
emitter to ground.
connect its base via a 1K resistor somewhere at the overflow point of the overhead tank.
also connect a positive supply link at the bottom of the overhead tank so that it stays immersed in the tank water.
The above set up will hopefully fulfill your application.
Vi jilan says
Good day sir,
I need circuit diagram for water level controller which should be set in the underground tank which collects the water from the municipal.
that is when the water level rises and attain a particular stage in the underground tank the motor should be switched on and the water if drain the motor should be set off. And if the overhead tank get overflow before..
it should be neccessary that the motor should set off that’s my requirements sir.
Thanks in advance.
Swagatam says
Good day Vi,
I could not understand this sentence:
"and the water if drain the motor should be set off. And if the overhead tank get overflow before"
Anonymous says
hy
When i connect this circuit its start up but when point A & B Connect its cant stop the circuit
instead of motor i used a lamp &Instead of water tank i manually connect the Lead A & B
any idea why this happen
Swagatam says
Hi,
You are correct, the circuit needs correction, I'll do it after sometime, check back soon..
Thanks!
Swagatam says
It's done now! the parts list has also been modified appropriately….
Anonymous says
hy Swagatam
According to your modification i changed connection as well parts also but still when i switch on ac power supply and lead A & B Not connected its glow the Bulb but when manually i connect lead A & B it's cant stop bulb glow
Please if possible then do something
because in my new home i want to use this circuit
Swagatam says
You mean the relay does not trip off on connecting points A and B???
This cannot happen now, because when we join A and B, T1 receives a positive potential at its base and switches ON.
With T1 switched ON, T2 base voltage becomes zero, which in turn switches OFF the relay and also the entire circuit along with the load…..please check your circuit connections once again.
Anonymous says
Hy Swagatam
i checked my circut connection is complete as per your new connection diagram but it still can't stop the relay
also can we add a new level in this means after a some water level goes down the motor start because in this i figure out if water level goes down suddenly motor start but i think its rapidly start and stop motor a lot time in a day
that's why i think we have to make a Lower Level after that motor start and when reach top its became stop and vice-verse
Swagatam says
I think T2 may be faulty in your circuit.
I am sorry I did not understand your need, please explain it more clearly….
Anonymous says
there is three level in the tank 1) Bottom 2) Middle 3) Top
i need Motor Start after Water level Go down Below the Middle Level And Also when Motor Start its has to stop on the Top Level not at Middle Level
Swagatam says
I think the following circuit might help:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2012/09/simple-water-level-controller-circuit.html
Anonymous says
Hy Swagatam
is this tested circuit
and can u provide a pcb design for this circuit
Swagatam says
It's not tested but according to me it will work, PCB design will be difficult for me to provide… sorry.
Anonymous says
hy swagatam
i little bit confuse regarding a ic
for the ic 4060 u displaying a real pin number of ic or out put sequence of ic because when i read
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4000_series
in this on 4017 decade counter there is two types of number
first one is Pin number & Second is Name
that's y i confused about
Swagatam says
I have put real pin numbers…… for indicating sequence order I would have used Q1, Q2, Q3……etc.
However there's no sequence indicated here because it's just a timer circuit with a single output at pin#3.
Anonymous says
Hy
Is this perfect ic no for this cd4060be
Because of I use this ic but this circuit can't run in any condition so any idea where I miss
Swagatam says
Hi,
Yes the diagram is perfect!
You should make and check the 4060 timer section separately, and then integrate it with rest of the stages.
Anonymous says
hy swagatam
i also new in this field so i would like to know work function of this circuit.
interested to know how i identify the ic & relay terminals
Swagatam says
The left pin starting at the left of the notch on the IC is pin#1 while the pin at the right is the last pin of the IC.
for understanding relays you may refer to this article:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2012/01/how-to-understand-and-use-relay-in.html
Anonymous says
Hy
i new comer in this field with little bit knowledge
recently i purchase First Figure Component but instead of
C1 = 0.47uF i got the 474k/450v and C2 = 0.22uF i got 224 ceramic capacitor
So Please Advise me can i use this two capacitor
and For the Point A and Point B which is going to Water what i used there a simple wire or anything else
and what type and how much max rating water pump i can operate by using this
Thanks
Swagatam says
Hi,
You could have used ceramic for C1 also because 450V is unnecessarily big.
But anyway, both the capacitors will work, no issues.
Simple wire outlets will do, however it would be better to put them neatly over a plastic stick and clamp the metal outlets at the relevant levels inside the tank, use brass screws and attach them to the wires outlet terminals and the screws over the plastic stick.
The relay contacts should be matched with the pump max current otherwise the relay may burn due to overload.
Anonymous says
Hy Swagatam Thanks for reply
when i connect the circuit i got ac supply in water tank as well circuit cant work and how to test a relay also how to know ic proper working
one more que the 9v dc supply is compulsory needed is not
any idea
Anonymous says
Dear Swagatam,
On similar lines for a water level buzzer can we use a push button switch to mute the buzzer and once the water level goes down the buzzer will get automatically reset and ready for next operation? Please help me on such a circuit, Can we build it using just BJT's?
Best regards
niranjan
Swagatam says
Dear Niranjan,
The buzzer circuit shown above automatically stops buzzing after a few seconds or more depending upon the values of the specified R and C. so a switch is not required here.
And also the circuit resets for the next cycle once the water level goes below the set points.
So everything's there in the design as required by you.
BJTs won't produce accurate results and the circuit might get too lengthy.
Regards.
amit says
Dear Mr. Swagatam,
can you pleaes make circuit which do as follows.
i have 250 liter overhead water tank. what i want is when we start filling the tank with water & when water level reachs to 90% { or consider hight of tank which is abt. 3.5' } a siren shoud start for 3 times so we can come to know that the tank is about to full { otherwise it waste lots of water } and 2nd is when the water level is about 25% again the siren should start for 3 times so we can come to know that its time to fill up the water tank.
{if possible , please make cercuit that works on battery as it is not possible to give power supply there }
Thanks is advance.
Regards,
Amit Desai.
Swagatam says
Dear Amit,
Three times beeping siren will be difficult to configure and would make the design complicated.
A siren which would sound for a few seconds and then stop can be made though.
I'll try to design it and update it here soon.
Regards.
amit says
Dear Mr. Swagatam,
Thanks , seconds based beeping is woluld be also a good solution.
please try it for me.
Regards,
Amit Desai.
Swagatam says
Dear Amit,
I'll do it asap…
Swagatam says
Hi Amit,
I've the updated the required circuit in the above article….
amit says
Dear Sir,
thanks a lot.
Regards,
Amit Desai
Anonymous says
Excellent!! It covers all the design parameters!
A few comments:
1) Instead of P1, I think one can use three (or four) resistors connected to a 3-position (or 4-position) slider switch (just like the ones on many small multi-voltage DC adapters). If the resistor values are chosen carefully, we can have fairly accurate time-out values. This way you can eliminate the guess-work/calibration of P1.
2) Personally I don't like mixing water and electricity (even small voltages). Point-B, which is held at about 15-18V DC, is always submursed. I am thinking on the lines of a mechanical-button (like a cheap float switch, or a mercury switch) that can be connect to points A and B.
3) Side note: One idea that is stuck in my mind is to make a (ultra-cheap) water level sensor using a ping-pong ball in a uPVC-pipe. This would be a fail-safe mechanical design, will take care of ripples and splashes in the tank and will have a service life of many decades! This assembly can even be fixed outside the tank (thru the water supply pipe.) So far so good, but the key question remains how to sense the height of the floating ball relative to the top of the pipe? Any ideas? Can we use light (LEDs)? Pressure? Range sensor? It has to be very cheap at the same time.
Thanks
Usman
Swagatam says
Thanks Usman!
I appreciate your response!
A water level indicator circuit has been covered in the following article, can be used in conjunction with your third suggestion:
https://homemade-circuits.com/2012/04/make-this-water-level-indicator-circuit.html
Regards.
Unknown says
sir this multi functional water tank circuit is full automatic, means this circuit is able to on and off the pump automatically….thanks hundal76@gmail.com