The IC 4047 is one of those devices which promises an unlimited range of circuit application solutions. The IC is so versatile that on many occasions it easily outsmarts it's close rival, the IC 555, let's study the datasheet and pinout details of this versatile chip.
Main Datasheet and Specifications:
In-built oscillator with variable frequency option through an external RC network.
Complementary push-pull outputs with a separate active clock output, the clock output is actually an extension of the internal oscillator frequency output.
Duty cycle locked to 50% for precision, fail proof operation of the external stages.
The IC 4047 can be configured as a free running astable MV, and also as a monostable MV.
In the astable mode the chip provides the option of integrating external triggering inputs, also called true gating and complement gating modes.
The monostable mode enables positive edge triggering as well as negative edge triggering of the IC.
It further allows retriggerable feature for extending the output timing to the desired calculated level. Meaning after the normal trigger is applied to the IC, more number subsequent triggers can be applied so that the output adds up the timing, generating further delay at the output.
Internal Logic Diagram
Pinout Details
The following explanation suggests how the pinouts of the IC 4047 may be configured for implementing the above discussed operating modes:
In the free running astable mode, connect pins 4, 5, 6, 14 to positive or Vdd, connect pins 7, 8, 9, 12 to ground or Vss.
Vdd must be supplied with a recommended 3V to 15V and maximum 18V (absolute).
In gated astable mode connect pins 4, 6, 14 to positive or Vdd, connect pins 7, 8, 9, 12 to ground or Vss, connect pin 5 to the reset pin of the external trigger IC, while output of the external chip to pin 4 of the IC 4047.
For the above modes, the output may be obtained across pin 10, 11 (push-pull) while clocks at pin 13.
In positive trigger monostable mode, connect pins 4, 14 to positive or Vdd, connect pins 5, 6, 7, 9, 12 to ground or Vss, connect pin 8 to the reset pin of the external trigger IC, while output of the external chip to pin 6 of the IC 4047.
For the above modes, the output may be obtained across pin 10, 11.
Fundamental Free Running Astable Mode Circuit Diagram Using IC 4047
As shown in the figure above, the IC 4047 can be used as a free running astable multivibrator or oscillator by configuring the chip in the above suggested method.
Here R1, P1 and C1 determine the oscillator frequency of the IC and the output at pin10, 11 and 13.
Basically R1, P1 togeter must not be less than 10K, and above 1M, while C1 should not be less than 100pF (higher value have no restrictions) in order to maintain proper functioning of the chip.
Pin 10 and 11 are complementary outputs which behave in a push-pull manner, meaning when pin10 is high pin11 is low and vice versa.
Pin 13 is the clock output of the IC 4047, each high pulse measured at this output enables pin10/11 to change positions with their logic levels, while low logics does not influence any response on pin10/11.
Pin13 is normally kept open when not in use, it may be applied in cases where a frequency or pulsed output may be required for the other stages of the circuit for enhancing purposes, such as for making modified PWM based inverters etc.
Electrical Specifications
Application Notes:
The IC is best suited for all types of inverter, converter, SMPS and timer applications.
One typical simple square wave inverter application using the IC 4047 can be witnessed below:
The formula for calculating the frequency or the RC components are:
f = 1/8.8RC at pin#10 and pin#11
f = 1/4.4RC at pin#13
Where f is in Hz, R in Ohms and C in Farads.
Pulse time may be obtained by solving:
t = 2.48RC where t is in seconds, R in Ohms and C in Farads
Felix Eliz says
hello Ing…delighted with the page,,great and EXCELLENT,,,10 points with your usual help, I ask about the CD4047 for 220Vac 50Hz inverter 1..I
can measure the frequency with a multimeter, that is to say a multitester.
2..In which pin should I measure the frequency to adjust.
Swagatam says
Thank you Felix,
Yes you can measure and confirm the output frequency of the IC 4047 using a multimeter having frequency reading capability.
You will have to attach the black probe with the ground line of the IC and attach the red probe with either pin#10 or pin#11. Connect the red probe once on each of these pinouts to check the frequency, they should be exactly equal.
Hasai says
Dear sir,
what is the frequency at pin 10,11. Is it 50 Hz. But sir 50Hz can’t be obtain from the given equation 1/8.8RC. Please help me sir.
Swagatam says
Hi Hasai, Pin#13 frequency will be two times that of pin#10 and pin#11. If you wish to have 50 Hz frequency on pin#10, and 11 then pin#13 frequency will be 100 Hz.
In the equation you must convert the capacitor value to Farad. Did you use Farad for the capacitor?
Hasai says
yes sir. I calculated it as below.
f = 1/8.8RC at pin#10 and pin#11
= 1 / 8.8 * ((100+10)*10^3 ohm) * (0.1*10^-6 farad)
= 10.33 Hz
It gives 10.33 Hz. Can you please tell how should we take 50 Hz.
Swagatam says
Hi Hasai, I am not able to verify your calculations due to lack of time, however you can easily bring the results to 50 Hz, either by decreasing the value of the capacitor or by decreasing the value of the resistor, or both. You can keep experimenting with lower values until you arrive at the 50 Hz value.
Henry says
Sir please what is the waveform of pin 2 and 3
Swagatam says
I am not sure about pin2, but pin3 will produce triangular waves
Moses says
Please sir can u help design a pure sign wave inverter using Sg3534/35 with chopped output similar to sign wave.
Swagatam says
Hello Moses, a few of those circuits are already present in this website
Vijay says
Can you please tell whether this circuit can be used to supply a tube amp B+? It consumes 100mA.Will a square wave inverter work in tube amplifiers?
Also,using a IRF510 MOSFET? what will be the maximum power output from a 12-0-12,3A transformer?
Swagatam says
Square wave AC could produce a buzzing noise at the output of any amplifier, so according to me it cannot be used.
Adrian Hughes says
Sir, I’m not an electrician of any kind, but I’m a fast learner. I live out in the dessert off grid and have no electric or running water. I’ve built a wind turbine and with my solar panels charge my 12 volt batteries. Now I need an inverter. Could you recommend some reading that would most quickly givee the knowledge to know how to make one. Thank you.
Signed no more utility bills
Swagatam says
Adrian, there are some inverter designing information explained in the following article, which you can refer to for understanding the basic inverter working concept
https://www.homemade-circuits.com/how-to-design-inverter-basic-circuit/
Ugo says
I admire your patience on answering all these comments . may God bless you and your work
Vaibhav says
swagatam sir,
I have to design a inverter 1KW sine wave will you please suggest how to calculate required MOSFET, IC and resistors and capacitors for required frequency and also for protection and charging circuit
?
Swagatam says
Hi Vaibhav,
the mosfet’s Drain-Source Voltage must be ideally twice the battery voltage and Continuous Drain Current should be at least 1.5 times higher than the transformer current rating.
For the above mentioned designs all resistors will be 1/4 watt 1% rated, and capacitors voltage should be rated twice the battery voltage
Fereidoon says
Dear swagatam
It seems that definition of drain and source pins of IRF150 is mistake in your diagram. Please correct that.
Swagatam says
Thank you dear Fereidoon for notifying, I have changed the diagram now!
manash Athparia says
can you give the value of resistance and capacitor, so i get frequency between 50hz-60hz
Swagatam says
I do not have the exact values you may have to practically check it and fix it….
manash Athparia says
Can’t we convert square wave to sine wave using resistance and capacitor at the output of pin 10 and 11?
Swagatam says
you can but you cannot replicate it at the output of the transformer using the conventional inverter topology
manash Athparia says
Can you please elaborate
Swagatam says
you may be able to feed the sinewave to the base/gate of the power devices but the same will not get interpreted at the output of the trafo, it will just be square wave at the trafo output
manash Athparia says
if I connect the resistance and capacitor to the transformer output will it work?
Swagatam says
yes it will work roughly, and might drop some precious power in the course
Darko says
What’s the difference between CD 4047 and HEF 4047 B and others mark’s.?
Swagatam says
no difference
Darko says
Thanks for answering.,i have another question what is meaning BP, B etc. behind numbers?
Swagatam says
According to me those are not relevant to the ICs main technical specifications, so far whenever I have purchased ICs I have looked into the main number for example in this case only the 4047 is relevant and important rest of the things can be ignored….unless there is a CMOS version, for example (7)555 is the CMOS version of IC 555 and may have some technical differences.
Darko says
Again thanks for answering, another one are different manufacturers have same dimensions of IC for example I have to replace it on PCB board the dimensions of the hole are same?
Swagatam says
you are welcome, the dimensions are always standard and precisely identical for all brands that are assigned with same number and package specs.
Zain says
Is it possible to get a sine wave output from IC 4047?
Swagatam says
not possible
Aman says
nice work,
syed zaib ali kazmi says
Thanks sir ,i make this circuit but i want to more efficiency
Swagatam says
Syed,
you can try to enhance it as shown in the following article
https://www.homemade-circuits.com/pure-sine-wave-inverter-circuit-using/
Kanji Mandaviya says
Respected swagatam,
I have made small 200w inverter it’s running good but the one filp out 4047 mosfet is to much heating !
I use 4047 ic for ocillator and mosfet is IRF540 use I doing a tryed to
1)Chang old to new mosfet
2)inter changing of mosfet
3) transformer connection Chang
4)Chang with mosfet gate connection to each other
Swagatam says
Hello Kanji, If you have swapped the transformer taps with the two mosfets and still experiencing the same issue then that’s very strange, and that looks impossible.
either the mosfet which is heating up could be faulty, or that particular side winding of the trafo could have issues….if all these parameters are swapped, and still the new arrangement is showing heating issues, then that’s understandable.
now the only option left is to swap the 4047 output pinouts, and also the replace the gate resistors of the mosfets, and check the results.
manash Athparia says
I have checked the output pins through headphones but I didn’t hear any oscillating sound. I think the oscillation is not working. Can you please tell why this is happening? I have tried 10 or 12 ICs and 14 mosfet so all of them couldn’t be damage
Swagatam says
If the IC is configured correctly then it should work, there are only two parts that needs to be connected with the IC for a proper working of the IC….and also there are a few pins which must correctly joined with the supply rails…you can confirm the connections from the datasheet of the IC or from other online sources also and check whether you have connected all of them correctly.
Kishan says
Hi,
Above details give osc output as 1/4.4RC(Tosc = 4.4RC) and Q output as 1/8.8RC (TQ = 8.8RC). But the datasheet says Tosc is 2.2RC and TQ is 4.4RC ( 2*(Ton + Toff)). So how you end up in above equation?
Swagatam says
Hi, the data was referred from another website so I can’t suggest much on that, you can solve in both ways and test piratically to see which one gives you the right results.
manash Athparia says
However if I set my multimeter in AC and check the output of the ic I get 27v. Instead of 12v or 6v. I also checked AC current in the battery there is also showing 27v. I think oscillation is not working and I am getting input = output
Swagatam says
set it at DC, not AC…it must show 50% of the supply level across the output pins.
manash Athparia says
I think the capacitor is placed incorrectly. Can you tell me which side I should place anode and cathode?
Swagatam says
which capacitor are you referring to? the pin#1 cap is rightly placed.
use a non-polar cap, and confirm that the IC is oscillates, using a headphone across the outputs, if the IC does not oscillate then the fets will quickly get damaged
manash Athparia says
How to use headphones can you please elaborate?
Swagatam says
join a flexible wire from the bottom of the headphone pin (earth), then connect the end of wire to one of the outputs of the IC, and the tip of the pin with the other output, and vary the preset…it should produce a varying tone
manash Athparia says
Hello I have tested my circuit again with different MOSFETs and IC, results were same the output from the IC is 12v. When ever I connect the transformer connection between negative and source of MOSFETs gets broken please see the images in the link
Circuit https://imgur.com/gallery/4bfcj
Swagatam says
This can never happen if everything’s correct in your circuit, I suspect your mosfets have problems or your mosfet connections
The way you have soldered looks very messy, you must clean the soldering with acetone or some cleaning agent, mosfets are extremely sensitive devices sand will burn with slightest inaccuracy. better use a PCB.
initially try with TIP122 instead of mosfets…that will give a clear idea regarding the proceedings, use a 10K base resistor if you are using this BJT
manash Athparia says
I checked the output using multimeter and the output is equal to input
Swagatam says
with DC meter it should be 50% less than the supply, and using a frequency meter you must be able to read oscillations, which must change in response to varying of the R/C parts.
manash Athparia says
I built this circuit using cd4047BCN, irfp150n but it is not working when ever I connect it I get short circuit
Swagatam says
check the IC output frequency without mosfets first, if the IC is working OK, then your mosfets could be faulty….
Cornelius Luka says
Hello sir, am just joining now, I want to build a pure sine wave inverter
tushar lashkari says
what is the output waveform voltage(square wave) amplitude of the inverter which is to be appear across the transformer primary?
Swagatam says
square wave
Swagatam says
peak will depend on the battery and trafo specs and their compatibility
tushar lashkari says
hello sir…. if the 12V battery is used,what will be the output voltage of inverter??
Swagatam says
220V if the trafo is rated at 12-0-12/220V
tushar lashkari says
ok sir . when we conncetd the syetsm as it is given in the circuit, the output was 220v (approx) thats okay…but the transformer input (primary) voltage was very less (in milivolts).so how can it step up to 220v as the voltage ratio is 12/220v…..so theoretically i think trns. primary voltage should be 12 v square wave because the output voltage is 220v square square wave ac.Am i right?
Is there any specific formula to calculate it?
Swagatam says
Tushar, across which points did you check the voltage? you must check it across the drain of the mosfet and the negative of the battery, or the across the drain/source leads.
but first you must connect a load at the output to confirm if the inverter was actually working in the way it is expected to work…if the load operates correctly, then you can go ahead with the voyage measurements.
tushar lashkari says
sir,actually i was checking voltage across the drain terminals of mosfets as it is directly connected to the transformer primary.and yes we have checked the system with load also.
thank you so much sir for your answer,now i will check the voltage across drain and negative.
Swagatam says
OK, will do, the reading will show around 50% value of the supply voltage, due to the 50% duty cycle from the IC.
Paras Modi says
Hello sir
Can I make 3 phase inverter using IC CD4047 or any other IC.
Swagatam says
Hello Paras, no it is not possible to make a 3 phase inverter using a 4047 IC…..special driver ICs will be required for this…I have posted many related article in this website, you may check them out through the search box
Paras Modi says
What is ouput of inverter or rating of inverter.
Paras Modi says
Hello sir
Can I make 3 phase inverter using this IC CD4047 or any other IC .
tushar lashkari says
what is max. current capacity of IC CD4047
Swagatam says
you mean at the output pinouts?….it might be around 10 to 20mA
tushar lashkari says
thank you
Koh Chun Yong Kenneth, 許俊榮 says
hi so if i adjust the oscillator from cd4047 to be 50hz using the 1/8.8RC formula, i'll be feeding the same freq to the transformer input right? So at the output i'll get 230Vac 50Hz?
Swagatam says
the frequency at each of the IC pins which are connected with the mosfets gates must be 50Hz…then your output will also be 50Hz
djembudt kribo says
hi sir… can i used this cd4047 for DC CDI for motorcycle which this ic hv trigger pin for input pulse from magnet pulser.tx verry much
Swagatam says
Hi Kribo, yes that's surely possible.
Segun Tosin says
Sir,what are demerits of square wave inverter to home appliances?
Swagatam says
Segun, it's the emission of noise….
Tejas says
Sir is the output sine or square wave.
Swagatam says
It is square wave
Unknown says
sir
I have made an inverter with ic cd4047
which has 12v DC input . I want to increase the input voltage 12v to 24v what changes I have to done with the circuit???
Swagatam says
You can implement the configuration as done for this design:
https://www.homemade-circuits.com/2014/11/48-v-inverter-circuit.html
Jose Mimbela says
Sir, this project uses PWM, high frequency is generated.
What type of transformer used: ferrite, siliceous iron (sheets EI)
Swagatam says
jose, PWM is not used in the above design.
if ferrite core is used then the frequency must be set to around 30kHz, for iron core it can be 50 or 60Hz
Angelous Chavez says
Sir what is the total output wattage for this inverter above?
joydeep suklabaidya says
hello Sir! I want built a 100W solar inverter for project ….how can I increase the efficiency or what are the components that I may use for that purpose…can you suggest me with a circuit diagram
Swagatam says
hello joydeep, efficiency normally depends on the overall transformer quality and the battery AH level, if you are able to get these two parameters optimally then your inverter would work with maximum efficiency.
Mayank Padm Bhushan says
Which type of relay i can use in this
Mayank Padm Bhushan says
Hello sir,
Can i use this circuit in 300 w inverter by using more MOSFET and using relay for charging the battery .
Swagatam says
Hello Mayank,
you can make a 300 watt inverter by using IRF540 or any similar mosfet….more mosfets in parallel may not be required.
Mayank Padm Bhushan says
Hi sir,
Can you explain me what is oscillator and what is its work . I am new in electronics
Swagatam says
Hi Mayank,
an oscillator is a circuit which is able to produce alternate positive and negative voltages at its output at a given specified frequency
Wasiq Ullah says
Sir i have designed inverter (12v dc to 220v ac) using IC4047, it's output is well enough when ever i test in bread board but when i do solding and wireing output voltage drop too much, whats the reason for that?.
kindly mail me in wasiqullah1@gmail.com
i will thankfull to you.
Swagatam says
Wasiq, PCB assembly will normally produce better results than breadboard, so your problem could be due to some hidden fault…..please check and compare each and every connection patiently and carefully, for troubleshooting the issue.