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You are here: Home / Home Electrical Circuits / Ultraviolet UV Water Filter/Purifier Circuit at Home

Ultraviolet UV Water Filter/Purifier Circuit at Home

Last Updated on April 26, 2020 by Swagatam 14 Comments

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The post describes an easy method of making an ultra violet water purifier circuit using ordinary electronic components.

How UV is Used as Germicidal

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) is a water treatment method which employs UV or ultraviolet light rays in the range of short wavelength in order to eliminate the present pathogens and microorganisms.

The technology involves short wavelength UV rays (UV-C) which are effective against all types of germs and microorganisms.

The introduced UV rays target the nucleic acids of the pathogens and cripple them by disorienting their DNA structure.

As a result the germs are unable to carry on with their normal cellular operations and ultimately succumb under the radiation.

Sun is Largest Generator of UV Rays

The sun is the major and strongest source of UV rays which includes UV rays of all wavelengths. The harmful ones are effectively absorbed by our planets ozone layer and that's why life could sustain so far on this planet.

Commercially or rather artificially generated UV sources include electrically activated devices such as LEDs, neon lamps, black light bulbs or wood's lamp, xenon flash bulbs, welding arcs and similar arc discharges.

Even an ordinary incandescent bulb generates UV rays but in small quantities compared to the other included light spectrums.

For disinfecting water the most effective artificial sources are perhaps the wood's lamp, and special UV LEds.

However both these devices are special items not easily available in the local market, moreover UV LEds are extremely costly devices.

Using Xenon Bulb

Xenon lamps which are normally seen in camera flashes also emit considerable amount of UV rays, although it might include the entire spectrum of the wavelength.

According to me if you want to make a homemade UV water purifier circuit, a camera flash xenon tube can be the best option, since these can be easily procured and constructed at home.

You can retrieve an entire flash  electronic section from your camera for making this project or alternatively make an AC operated xenon tube flasher circuit at home and then use it for the proposed UV water purifier circuit.

A simple xenon flash circuit can be seen in the following diagram:

Circuit Diagram

The explanation for the above circuit diagram can be found HERE

Installing the UV Filter Circuit

After making the above circuit, the lamp may be positioned such that the rays are able to traverse past the water from one end to the other end.

Make sure the water is clear and free from dust particles because suspended impurities will block most of the UV rays making life easy for the germs.

Also remember, the flash bulb should be paced directly face to face with the water surface, if it's placed outside the bottle or the container, the material would block most of the rays making things ineffective. You may refer to the following layout example.

Electric Arc as UV Generator

Another potential source of UV light are electric arcs, we all are aware the adverse effects a welding arc introduces to the person using it, simply shows the radiation level generated from these sources.

We can put these devices for disinfecting water tanks or containers by creating electric arcs inside the tanks or smaller household enclosures.

Ofcourse nobody would want to use welding machine for implementing this, a simpler option would be to use a capacitive discharge circuit as used in motorbikes for generating ignition sparks.

For the above results you may try the following circuit:

The entire explanation can be read HERE

Parts list

  • All Resistors = 100 Ohms, 1 watt
  • All diodes = 1N4007
  • Capacitor C4 = 105/400V PPC
  • SCR = BT151
  • Transformer TR1 = 0-12V, 1 amp
  • Transformer TR2 = 0-12V, 500 mA

BT151 pinout details

Again as discussed above, the arcs must "see" the water directly and not through a transparent medium or through the enclosure, as shown in the following example:

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About Swagatam

I am an electronic engineer (dipIETE ), hobbyist, inventor, schematic/PCB designer, manufacturer. I am also the founder of the website: https://www.homemade-circuits.com/, where I love sharing my innovative circuit ideas and tutorials.
If you have any circuit related query, you may interact through comments, I'll be most happy to help!

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Comments

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  1. KRISHNAPRIYA C H says

    March 30, 2022 at 10:10 pm

    Sir please add tthe making video

    Reply
  2. Peter Bonadonna, EMT-P says

    January 29, 2022 at 8:09 pm

    This is a great electronic project and they can be fun to construct and demonstrate to a friend however they should not be used in an attempt to sterilize water or other items. Using ultraviolet light to sterilize water or solid items requires specific bandwidths, special transmission media like quartz glass and at least 10 Watts of energy delivered a few inches away from the items to be sterilized and an exposure time of at least five minutes. Often, multiple bulbs are required as any shadowed area will not be effectively sterilized by UV-c. Even with systems that meet the specifications as above, it is prudent to use laboratory testing to confirm the effectiveness of UV systems as they degrade overtime. This is too important to play around with.

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      January 29, 2022 at 9:07 pm

      Thank you for your feedback, much appreciated! I would like to add that electric arcing also generates ozone which also kills germs and might be useful for reinforcing the above purpose.

      Reply
  3. Ashok chauhan says

    April 26, 2020 at 8:30 am

    Sir in ozon generator you do not mention bt151 pin no and one capicitor velu.please mantion this.i am your big fan thanks in advance

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      April 26, 2020 at 12:53 pm

      Thank you Ashok, I have added the required details in the article, you can check them out.

      Reply
  4. SURAJ AKSHAY DARYAPURKAR says

    June 15, 2019 at 4:53 pm

    How to make a circuit using LPS, SV and float valve if you have all the other components ready.

    Reply
  5. Swagatam says

    November 22, 2013 at 5:45 am

    use woods lamp

    Reply
  6. Seok Sothea says

    October 6, 2013 at 4:15 pm

    Thank sir!

    Reply
  7. Seok Sothea says

    October 3, 2013 at 4:04 pm

    But sir. The circuit from camera just light up for a short moment when i press button. Thus, can it kill all bactera?

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      October 4, 2013 at 3:36 am

      You will have to make a switching circuit in order to make the flashing continuous.

      Or you can make the circuit described in the above artice

      Reply
  8. Seok Sothea says

    September 28, 2013 at 4:40 pm

    Sir! I want to make this uv purified water for a mini water bottle (1 litre of water) run on a li-ion battery (3.7v, 1a). It is easy for me to put it with me for going anywhere. Could it possible sir?

    Reply
    • Swagatam says

      September 29, 2013 at 12:20 pm

      Hi Seok,

      Yes it would be possible, you can buy a readymade camera flash circuit or retrieve it from an old camera and use it for your application.

      Reply
  9. Swagatam says

    September 14, 2013 at 5:54 am

    you are welcome.

    Reply
  10. Swagatam says

    August 16, 2013 at 12:51 pm

    No, it's not verified.

    Reply

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