The 4093 is a 14-pin package containing four positive-logic, 2-input NAND Schmitt trigger gates as shown in the following figure. It is possible to operate the four NAND gates separately or collectively. The individual logic gates of the IC 4093 works in the following manner. As you can see each gate has two inputs (A […]
Explained
Audio Clipper and Compressor Circuits Explained
In this article I have explained using circuit diagrams how a clipper and a compressor circuits work to processes an input audio signal as per the required output signal. What is an Audio Clipper An audio clipper circuit is basically used to alter or restrict the amplitude (volume) of an audio signal. There are mostly […]
10 Simple Unijunction Transistor (UJT) Circuit Diagrams Explained
In the earlier post I have explained comprehensively about how a unijunction transistor works, in this post I will elucidate a few interesting application circuits using this amazing device called UJT. The example application circuits using UJT which are explained in the article are: 1) Square Wave Pulse Generator The first design below demonstrates a […]
10 Easy Op-amp Oscillator Circuit Diagrams Explained
In an op amp oscillator circuit, an op amp is configured with a resistor-capacitor feedback loop or a inductor-capacitor feedback loop, which triggers the op amp to go into an oscillating mode, generating a switching ON/OFF pulses from its output pin. The high-gain and wide passband of operational amplifier (op amp) ICs makes it possible […]
ATmega32, Pinouts Explained
The Atmel AVR Atmega32 is a low power CMOS based microcontroller chip manufactured on the AVR advanced RISC architecture. It is featured for carrying out technologically powerful instructions within each of its clock cycles. The chip is also equipped with the capability of achieving throughputs rated at 1MIPS per MHz enabling the system manager to enforce […]
Raspberry Pi Explained
In this article I have explained about Raspberry Pi single board computer, their specifications, how to use them in a project, we are also going to do a small comparison between Arduino and Raspberry Pi, so that we can choose which of them are best for your projects. What is Raspberry Pi? Raspberry Pi is […]