The 4093 is a 14-pin package containing four positive-logic, 2-input NAND Schmitt trigger gates as shown in the following figure. It is possible to operate the four NAND gates separately or collectively. The individual logic gates of the IC 4093 works in the following manner. As you can see each gate has two inputs (A […]
Search Results for: ultrasonic
Simple Electronic Dog Whistle Circuit Explained
An electronic dog whistle is a device that generates ultrasonic sound waves and is used for training dogs and for controlling excessive barking habit. Because dogs and domestic cats can hear ultrasonic frequencies, humans cannot, this dog whistle device is employed to train these animals. It is also sometimes known as a silent whistle or […]
60 Watt Amplifier Circuit
The circuit of a 60 watt power amplifier is shown in the below figure. It’s design layout is simple and very conventional. It has a completely symmetrical pattern which has one pole frequency compensation, yet some uncommon methods have been employed in order to keep the number of parts less. To start with, the configuration […]
Capacitive Fluid Meter Circuit for Sealed Tanks
At times it becomes important to determine the amount of water inside a sealed tank, by employing a stationery sensor. A sensible remedy to the issue is to make use of a cylindrical capacitor concept. One plate of the capacitor is created with the liquid surrounding an insulated conductor, where insulation of the conductor works […]
7 Accurate Square Wave Oscillator Circuits
In this article I will comprehensively discuss 7 accurate RC square wave oscillator circuits with 50% duty cycle, by appropriately configuring the gates from various CMOS ICs such as 4001, 4011, 4093, 4046, 4047, 4016, 4060 etc. and also using op amps. Definition The square wave oscillators included in this article can be defined as […]
What is IGBT: Working, Switching Characteristics, SOA, Gate Resistor, Formulas
IGBT stands for Insulated-gate-Bipolar-Transistor, a power semiconductor which includes the features of a MOSFET’s high speed, voltage dependent gate switching, and the minimal ON resistance (low saturation voltage) properties of a BJT. Figure 1 exhibits IGBT equivalent circuit, where a bipolar transistor works with a MOS gate architect, while the similar IGBT circuit is actually […]