It’s John Ambrose Fleming (1849-1945), a British engineer, who invented the first diode in 1904, in the form of an electron tube. Later, with the development of semiconductor technology, the diode became a dipole consisting of two substrates: one, rich in free electrons, and of type N, the other deficient in electrons, and of type […]
Electronics Theory
Calculating Transistor as a Switch
Although transistors (BJTs) are popularly used for making amplifier circuits, these can be also effectively used for switching applications. A transistor switch is a circuit in which the collector of the transistor is switched ON/OFF with relatively larger current in response to a correspondingly switching low current ON/OFF signal at its base emitter. As an […]
Diac – Working and Application Circuits
The diac is a two-terminal device having a combination of parallel-inverse semiconductor layers, which allows the device to be triggered through both directions regardless of the supply polarity. Diac Characteristics The characteristics of a typical diac can be seen in the following Figure, which distinctly reveals the presence of a breakover voltage in across both […]
DC Biasing in Transistors – BJTs
In simple terms, biasing in BJTs may be defined as a process in which a BJT is activated or switched ON by applying a smaller magnitude of DC is across its base/emitter terminals so that its is able to conduct a relatively larger magnitude of DC across its collector emitter terminals. The working of a […]
What is Transistor Saturation
In the previous post I explained BJT biasing, in this article I have explained what is transistor or BJT saturation and how to determine the value quickly through formulas and practical evaluations. What is Transistor Saturation The term saturation refers to any system where the specification levels have attained the maximum value. A transistor may be said […]
Ohm’s Law/Kirchhoff’s Law using Linear First-Order Differential Equations
In this article I have explained Ohm’s Law and Kirchhoff’s Law through standard engineering formulas and explanations, and by applying linear first-order differential equation to solve example problem sets. What’s an Electric Circuit A simplest electric circuit is generally in the form of a series circuit having an energy source or electromotive force input, like […]