A transistor or BJT multivibrator is a two-stage switching circuit that is configured in a cross-coupled manner. This allows each of the active BJT stages to be regeneratively cross-coupled with the other BJT stage, so that one switches ON when the other switches OFF, and vice versa. This cross-coupling may be set up to switch either a […]
Oscillator Circuits
CMOS Astable, Bistable, Monostable Circuits Explained
In this article I have explained how to use the low-cost CD4001 and CD4011 quad 2-input gate CMOS integrated circuits in bistable, astable, and monostable multivibrator applications through forty different manners. We also learn how to enhance and modify these configurations to produce highly improved outputs from these multivibrators. When CMOS logic gates are configured […]
IC 555 Astable Multivibrator Circuits
The IC 555 astable multivibrator is a configuration where the IC 555 output continuously switches between an ON state and an OFF state at a given frequency, determined by its RC timing components. Since in this configuration, the output of the IC 555 is never in a stable state, it is called an astable multivibrator. […]
White Noise and Pink Noise Generator Circuit
In this post I have explained how to build a simple white noise generator circuit which can be subsequently filtered to generate the pink noise output. If you hear to the white noise or pink noise, you will find it exactly similar to the noise that we hear in FM radios in the absence of […]
6 Useful Voltage Controlled Oscillator Circuit Explored
In this post I have explained how to build 6 useful voltage controlled oscillator circuits, using various op amps and integrated circuits. As the name suggests, a voltage controlled oscillator or a VCO circuit is an oscillator circuit whose output frequency can be controlled or varied through an adjustable control voltage input. This means, if […]
Digital Step Sine wave Generator Circuit
In this post I have explained how to build a simple yet accurate digital sine wave generator circuit, which is basically an oscillator circuit, enhanced to generate square waves through incrementing steps, which ultimately appears like a stepped sine waveform. By Ron Mackenzy The difference between analogue sine wave generator and digital sine wave generator […]