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Electronics Theory

How to Compare IGBTs with MOSFETs

Last Updated on May 20, 2026 by Swagatam 14 Comments

In this post I have explained the main differences between an IGBT and a MOSFeT device. I have explained more about the facts from the following article. Comparing IGTB with power MOSFETs The insulated-gate bipolar transistor features a voltage drop which is significantly low when compared to a conventional MOSFET in the devices which have […]

Filed Under: Electronics Theory Tagged With: Compare, IGBTs, MOSFETs

How to Cascade IC 4033 in Multiple Digit Counter Display

Last Updated on May 20, 2026 by Swagatam 9 Comments

cascadingIC4033circuit

In this article I will comprehensively explain how to cascade many 4033 ICs together for driving multiple 7 segment counter displays. In one of my previous articles I have uniquely explained the role of pin#3 and pin#4 which become crucial when the IC 4033 are intended to function for driving multiple displays. Multiple Digit Display […]

Filed Under: Electronics Theory Tagged With: 4033, Cascade, Counter, Digit, Display, Multiple

How to Protect MOSFETs – Basics Explained

Last Updated on May 20, 2026 by Swagatam 76 Comments

howtostopmosfetfromburning

In this post I will comprehensively explain how to protect mosfets and prevent mosfet burning in electronic circuits by following some basic guidelines related to correct PCB layout, and careful manual handling of these sensitive devices. Introduction Even after connecting everything correctly you find the mosfets in your circuit becoming HOT and blowing off within […]

Filed Under: Electronics Theory Tagged With: Basics, Explained, MOSFETs, Protect

Simple Buck-Boost Converter Circuits Explained

Last Updated on May 20, 2026 by Swagatam 154 Comments

buckboost

In this post I have explained s few simple DC to DC buck-boost converter circuits which can be used for either stepping up the input DC voltage or stepping down the input DC voltage to specific output DC voltage levels. Since a buck-boost converter allows the input voltage to be either stepped up or stepped […]

Filed Under: Electronics Theory Tagged With: Boost, Buck, Circuits, Converter, Explained, Simple

High Current Voltage Doubler Circuit

Last Updated on May 20, 2026 by Swagatam 18 Comments

highcurrentvoltagedoublercircuit

In this post I have explained a voltage high current doubler circuit which will almost double the voltage that’s been applied at the input (up to 15V max), and also it becomes specifically useful since it allows higher current loads to be used at the output, in the order 10 amps. Since the voltage doubler […]

Filed Under: Electronics Theory Tagged With: Current, Doubler, High, Voltage

How to Connect a Relay through an Opto-Coupler

Last Updated on May 20, 2026 by Swagatam 56 Comments

opto coupler relay driver circuit

In the following post I have explained how to drive a relay by using an isolated method, or through an optocoupler device. We will learn three methods, first method is by connecting relay directly with the optocoupler output pins, second method is by using external PNP transistors, and third method is by using external NPN […]

Filed Under: Electronics Theory Tagged With: Connect, Coupler, Opto, Relay, through

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