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Impact Collision Switch Sensor Module and Circuit Diagram

Swagatam Swagatam

Here we are going to learn about a very interesting small sensor called the Impact Collision Switch Sensor Module.

This module is super simple but very useful especially when we want to detect a shock, collision, hit or a sudden tap on a surface.

Now let us go step-by-step to understand everything about it.

Impact Collision Switch Sensor Module

What is an Impact Collision Switch Sensor?

So basically this module is nothing fancy.

It is just a mechanical switch sensor that can detect a sudden impact or physical touch vibration.

When you hit or tap it, even lightly then it closes the contacts inside and gives a signal, which is normally a logic HIGH or LOW depending on how you have connected it.

It behaves like a normal switch but it is very sensitive to shocks or small taps.

How It is Built Inside?

Ok now, inside the small cylindrical body of this sensor there is:

A very tiny spring or a metal wire.

One fixed metal contact.

When the sensor is at rest, the spring is not touching the contact.

But when you shake it or tap it, then spring vibrates and hits the metal contact.

This closes the circuit for a very tiny time.

After the impact stops, then spring comes back to its normal position and the switch becomes open again.

How the Module Looks Like?

Mostly the sensor module has:

Working Principle

It is super simple:

When idle, the output stays normally LOW (or HIGH, depends on wiring).

When you tap or strike the module lightly, then contacts touch inside.

Instantly, the output pin changes state (LOW to HIGH or HIGH to LOW) for a short time.

After the impact is over, then it goes back to its original idle state.

It can be used to trigger alarms, counters, robots or any system which needs to react to a physical hit.

Analogue Relay Driver Circuit

The following diagram shows how to integrate the impact collision switch sensor with a relay driver circuit with delay OFF:

collision impact switch Relay driver intefacing

Typical Connection Diagram

Here’s how you can connect it to a microcontroller like Arduino:

(+) Vcc ----> +5V Arduino
(-) GND ----> GND Arduino
(Signal) OUT ----> Any digital pin (example D2)

And in Arduino code, you just check if the pin becomes HIGH when impact happens.

Arduino Code Example for Impact Collision Switch Sensor

// Define pin numbers
const int impactPin = 2;  // Impact sensor output connected to digital pin 2
const int ledPin = 13;    // Built-in LED for indication

void setup() {
  // Set pin modes
  pinMode(impactPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  
  // Start Serial Monitor
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("Impact Sensor Ready...");
}

void loop() {
  // Read the sensor output
  int sensorState = digitalRead(impactPin);
  
  // Check if impact is detected
  if (sensorState == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Impact Detected!");
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);  // Turn ON LED
    delay(200);                  // Keep LED ON for 200 ms
  } else {
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);   // Turn OFF LED if no impact
  }
}

How this code works:

Wiring Summary Again:

Arduino PinModule Pin
5VVcc
GNDGND
D2Signal OUT

Important Features

A Small Hint:

Arduino Code Example (Flip-Flop / Toggle Mode)

// Define pin numbers
const int impactPin = 2;  // Impact sensor output connected to digital pin 2
const int ledPin = 13;    // Built-in LED for output

// Define a variable to store toggle state
bool ledState = false;

void setup() {
  pinMode(impactPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("Impact Sensor Toggle Mode Ready...");
}

void loop() {
  // Check for impact
  if (digitalRead(impactPin) == HIGH) {
    // Change the ledState to opposite
    ledState = !ledState;
    
    // Set the LED accordingly
    digitalWrite(ledPin, ledState);
    
    // Print current state
    if (ledState) {
      Serial.println("Impact Detected: LED ON");
    } else {
      Serial.println("Impact Detected: LED OFF");
    }
    
    // Wait for impact to settle (debounce delay)
    delay(300);  
  }
}

How this code works:

Small Tip:

Summary Function:

One Tap (Impact)Result
1st TapLED Turns ON
2nd TapLED Turns OFF
3rd TapLED Turns ON again
4th TapLED Turns OFF again

and so on... like a real flip-flop.

So guys, now you can use your Impact Sensor like a real physical ON/OFF switch for any project like controlling lights, buzzers, motors, just simply by tapping on the contacts...

Arduino Code Example (Relay Control Flip-Flop)

Let us now make the Relay Control Version of our Impact Collision Switch Sensor Module project so that you can control AC bulbs, fans, anything just by tapping on the switch.

// Define pin numbers
const int impactPin = 2;   // Impact sensor output connected to digital pin 2
const int relayPin = 8;    // Relay module control pin connected to Arduino pin 8

// Define a variable to store toggle state
bool relayState = false;

void setup() {
  pinMode(impactPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("Impact Sensor Relay Control Ready...");
}

void loop() {
  // Check for impact
  if (digitalRead(impactPin) == HIGH) {
    // Change the relayState to opposite
    relayState = !relayState;
    
    // Set the relay output accordingly
    digitalWrite(relayPin, relayState ? HIGH : LOW);
    
    // Print current state
    if (relayState) {
      Serial.println("Impact Detected: Relay ON (Load ON)");
    } else {
      Serial.println("Impact Detected: Relay OFF (Load OFF)");
    }
    
    // Debounce delay
    delay(300);
  }
}

How to Wire Everything:

Arduino PinConnects to
5VSensor Vcc and Relay Vcc
GNDSensor GND and Relay GND
D2Sensor OUT pin
D8Relay Module IN pin

Important Note for Relay Module:

How this Full Setup Will Work:

EventWhat Happens
1st TapRelay turns ON - Bulb ON
2nd TapRelay turns OFF - Bulb OFF
3rd TapRelay turns ON - Bulb ON
4th TapRelay turns OFF - Bulb OFF
And so on...

Safety Tips for Relay and AC:

Hints for Practical Projects:

Analog Flip Flop bistable circuit Interfacing using IC 4017

If you want to interface the Impact collision switch circuit with a discretely built 4017 based flip flop circuit using IC 4017, then you can try the following concept:

Impact Collision Switch Sensor Module interfacing with 4017 IC flip flop

Main Applications

So friends, you can use this sensor in many interesting ways:

Pros and Cons

ProsCons
Very simple and low costNot accurate for very light vibration
Easy to connectCan false trigger if environment too shaky
Good for DIY beginnersCannot detect exact strength of impact

Conclusion

Ok so in simple words, the Impact Collision Switch Sensor Module is like a sensitive tap sensor.

When you hit it, it closes a switch for a short moment and that can be used by a microcontroller or alarm system to know that "something has hit me."

If you want cheap and easy collision detection without using heavy complex accelerometers, then this module is the best buddy.

Just solder 3 wires, little bit coding and you are ready to go!

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